Enhanced Weathering

Direct air capture gets the magazine covers - the giant fans, the billion-dollar plants, the tech-founder energy. Enhanced rock weathering gets a grinder, a truck, and a field of crushed basalt. Yet in the CDR Researcher Census it is one of the fastest-growing research fronts in the entire field, and almost nobody outside it is watching. Counting papers the census surfaced from OpenAlex and classified as carbon-removal-relevant, enhanced weathering runs 136 papers in 2022, 175 in 2023, 264 in 2024, and 401 in 2025 - a near-tripling in three years (a factor of 2.9), and a plus-52-percent jump from 2024 to 2025 alone. Every year is bigger than the last, and the curve is steepening. ...

The pathway Enhanced weathering (EW) accelerates a chemical reaction that the Earth already runs at geological pace: the dissolution of silicate rocks by carbonic acid in rainwater. When fast-weathering rocks like basalt, olivine, or wollastonite are crushed to fine particles and spread — usually on cropland, sometimes in rivers, forests, or mine pits — the surface area available for reaction increases by orders of magnitude. CO₂ dissolved in soil water reacts with the minerals, producing dissolved bicarbonate ions that drain through soils to groundwater and eventually the ocean, where the carbon is stored on timescales of 10,000 to 100,000+ years. That long-tailed durability is why EW sits alongside direct air capture and mineralization in most “durable CDR” portfolios, even though it borrows infrastructure (quarries, ag spreaders) from existing industries. ...

A new Nature paper maps the uncertainties of Enhanced Rock Weathering — from toxic trace elements to carbon tracking gaps. Here’s what it means for CDR.

Tree planting is great, but it’s not enough. Here’s why the carbon removal portfolio needs to be much, much wider.

A snapshot of the latest developments in carbon dioxide removal — from policy moves to startup milestones and new research.

Enhanced weathering might be the most promising CDR method you haven’t heard of. Here’s how spreading crushed rocks on farmland pulls CO₂ from the sky.