What This Page Shows

This Collaboration Atlas maps the research networks of 95,329 CDR scientists using co-authorship data from OpenAlex. The 367,894 co-authored papers reveal how researchers collaborate across disciplines, institutions, and countries — and which scientific communities are bridging the gap between different carbon dioxide removal methods.

How It Was Built

  1. Co-authorship networks: Every paper co-authored by CDR researchers creates a connection in the network
  2. Louvain community detection: Algorithmic clustering identified 142 distinct research communities that frequently publish together
  3. Pathway classification: Each community’s dominant method was determined by OpenAlex classification + LLM filtering
  4. Bridge scoring: Researchers with high network betweenness centrality — spanning multiple methods and geographies — are flagged as “bridge researchers”

What the Data Means

⚠️ Experimental Analysis

This collaboration analysis is highly experimental. Key limitations:

  • Based on co-authorship data from OpenAlex, which has known disambiguation issues
  • Community detection is algorithmic — detected clusters are approximate, not ground truth
  • "Bridge researcher" scores use network metrics (betweenness centrality), not editorial judgment
  • CDR pathway assignment uses automated classification (code-based patterns + LLM filtering)
  • Data is from the latest census snapshot — updated monthly

89,677
Connected Researchers
367,894
Co-authorship Links
142
Research Communities
4,995
Cross-Method Bridges

🔥 How CDR Methods Cross-Pollinate

This matrix shows co-authorship links between researchers from different CDR methods. Higher numbers = more collaboration.

Soil C.BiocharDACEWBECCSOceanGeneral
Soil C.203k17k3083.4k8811.6k6.0k
Biochar17k90k5586699435262.5k
DAC30855814k2762021033.6k
EW3.4k66927617k611.1k2.1k
BECCS881943202617.4k472.8k
Ocean1.6k5261031.1k4718k2.0k
General6.0k2.5k3.6k2.1k2.8k2.0k36k

🌍 Top Country Collaborations

The strongest international research partnerships in CDR, measured by co-authored papers.

China ↔ United States
14,346 papers
Australia ↔ China
3,932 papers
China ↔ United Kingdom
3,605 papers
China ↔ Germany
3,038 papers
China ↔ Hong Kong
2,431 papers
United Kingdom ↔ United States
2,313 papers
India ↔ United States
2,252 papers
Canada ↔ China
2,236 papers
China ↔ Spain
1,694 papers
China ↔ Pakistan
1,495 papers
Germany ↔ United States
1,409 papers
Canada ↔ United States
1,362 papers
China ↔ Japan
1,169 papers
Australia ↔ United States
1,140 papers
China ↔ France
1,007 papers
South Korea ↔ United States
942 papers
China ↔ Singapore
938 papers
Germany ↔ United Kingdom
926 papers
China ↔ Taiwan
866 papers
China ↔ India
866 papers

🔗 Bridge Researchers

These researchers connect the most CDR methods through their co-authorship network — the rare people who span biochar, DAC, ocean CDR, and more. Click names to visit their researcher profile.

#ResearcherMethodsCo-authorsPrimaryInstitutionCountry
1Yakov Kuzyakov5554Soil CarbonGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenGermany
2Pete Smith5277Soil CarbonScotland's Climate Change Centre of Expertise (…United Kingdom
3Rattan Lal5210Soil CarbonThe Ohio State UniversityUnited States
4Josep Peñuelas7305Soil CarbonConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasSpain
5Noah J. Planavsky7186Enhanced WeatheringPlanetary Science InstituteUnited States
6Maurício Roberto Cherubin6171Soil CarbonUniversidade de São Paulo - Escola Superior de …Brazil
7Jordi Sardans7256Soil CarbonCREAF - Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacio…Spain
8Phil Renforth8185General CDRHeriot-Watt UniversityUnited Kingdom
9Ondřej Mašek8150BiocharUniversity of EdinburghUnited Kingdom
10David J. Beerling5183Enhanced WeatheringLeverhulme TrustUnited Kingdom
11Ji Chen5239Soil CarbonChinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Earth …China
12Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri6144Soil CarbonUniversity of Sao PauloBrazil
13Kadambot H. M. Siddique3166Soil CarbonThe University of Western AustraliaAustralia
14Philippe Ciais7175General CDRUniversité Paris-SaclayFrance
15Shaoshan An4131Soil CarbonInstitute of Soil and Water ConservationChina
16Daniel C.W. Tsang381BiocharHong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong
17Tida Ge2172Soil CarbonNingbo UniversityChina
18Sara Vicca5133Enhanced WeatheringUniversity of AntwerpBelgium
19Ulf Riebesell4113Ocean CDRGEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung KielGermany
20Andreas Oschlies3123Ocean CDRGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research KielGermany
21Lennart T. Bach386Ocean CDRUniversity of TasmaniaAustralia
22Roland Bol6157Soil CarbonForschungszentrum JülichGermany
23Yì Wáng6164BiocharChinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
24Zhouping Shangguan394Soil Carbon中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所China
25Axel Don496Soil CarbonThünen-Institute of Climate-Smart AgricultureGermany
26Chao Liang4170Soil CarbonZhejiang A & F UniversityChina
27Jens Hartmann5148Enhanced WeatheringUniversität HamburgGermany
28Hailong Wang6151Soil CarbonFoshan UniversityChina
29Minggang Xu3133Soil CarbonShanxi Agricultural UniversityChina
30Raymond R. Tan657General CDRLa Salle UniversityUnited States
31Scott X. Chang3130Soil CarbonUniversity of AlbertaCanada
32Yiqi Luo4161Soil CarbonCornell UniversityUnited States
33Ram Swaroop Meena4104Soil CarbonBanaras Hindu UniversityIndia
34Rajan Ghimire264Soil CarbonNew Mexico State UniversityUnited States
35Cornélia Rumpel398Soil CarbonCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance
36Christopher T. Reinhard576General CDRGeorgia Institute of TechnologyUnited States
37Philip A.E. Pogge von Strandmann4121Enhanced WeatheringJohannes Gutenberg Universität MainzGermany
38Weiqi Wang4135Soil CarbonFujian Normal UniversityChina
39Vishnu D. Rajput2120BiocharSouthern Federal UniversityRussia
40Zhaoliang Song4139Soil CarbonTianjin UniversityChina
41Manuel Delgado‐Baquerizo5144Soil CarbonInstituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología …Spain
42Niall Mac Dowell358General CDRImperial College LondonUnited Kingdom
43Nanthi Bolan3129Soil CarbonThe University of Western AustraliaAustralia
44Hai‐Lin Zhang286Soil CarbonChina Agricultural UniversityChina
45Xinping Chen3126Soil CarbonSouthwest UniversityChina
46Jeroen Meersmans286Soil CarbonUniversity of LiègeBelgium
47Nikolas Hagemann6104BiocharIthaka Institute for Carbon StrategiesGermany
48Kathleen B. Aviso646General CDRDe La Salle UniversityPhilippines
49Ian Power464Enhanced WeatheringTrent UniversityCanada
50Benjamin K. Sovacool441General CDRBoston UniversityUnited States

🌐 Research Communities by CDR Method

The 50 detected communities, grouped by dominant pathway. Each cluster represents researchers who frequently co-author together, revealing natural research subfields within CDR.

Soil Carbon

Community 22: Soil Carbon (2,491 researchers)

🔬 Soil Carbon 79% 🌍 India (76%) 🏛️ Indian Agricultural Research Institute
Top researchers: Ram Swaroop Meena, Avijit Ghosh, Amit Kumar, N. L. Panwar, Gaurav Mishra

Community 13: Soil Carbon (1,252 researchers)

🔬 Soil Carbon 60% 🌍 China (65%) 🏛️ Nanjing Agricultural University
Top researchers: Josep Peñuelas, Jordi Sardans, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Hailong Wang, Weiqi Wang

Community 52: Soil Carbon (1,070 researchers)

🔬 Soil Carbon 75% 🌍 Brazil (59%) 🏛️ Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Top researchers: Maurício Roberto Cherubin, Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri, Cimélio Bayer, Marcos Gervásio Pereira, Tiago Osório Ferreira

Biochar

Community 45: Biochar (669 researchers)

🔬 Biochar 82% 🌍 China (35%) 🏛️ Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Top researchers: Daniel C.W. Tsang, Jörg Rinklebe, Éder C. Lima, Yong Sik Ok, Meththika Vithanage

Community 79: Biochar (667 researchers)

🔬 Biochar 52% 🌍 China (49%) 🏛️ Anhui Agricultural University
Top researchers: Haiping Yang, Ahmed I. Osman, Asim Biswas, Hanping Chen, Shisuo Fan

Community 123: Biochar (529 researchers)

🔬 Biochar 44% 🌍 China (79%) 🏛️ Fujian Normal University
Top researchers: Yue Wang, Xintai Su, Weifeng Chen, Dong Xia, Jianfeng Zhang

General CDR

Community 2: General CDR (1,134 researchers)

🔬 General CDR 57% 🌍 Germany (14%) 🏛️ ETH Zurich
Top researchers: Philippe Ciais, Benjamin K. Sovacool, Matthew Gidden, Christine Merk, Sabine Fuss

Community 1: General CDR (874 researchers)

🔬 General CDR 36% 🌍 United Kingdom (19%) 🏛️ Imperial College London
Top researchers: Phil Renforth, Niall Mac Dowell, Spyros Foteinis, Detlef P. van Vuuren, Mijndert van der Spek

Community 80: General CDR (592 researchers)

🔬 General CDR 47% 🌍 United States (51%) 🏛️ Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Top researchers: Haewon McJeon, Jay Fuhrman, Jeffrey Dankwa Ampah, Steven J. Davis, Patrick Lamers

Ocean CDR

Community 30: Ocean CDR (1,464 researchers)

🔬 Ocean CDR 64% 🌍 United States (25%) 🏛️ GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
Top researchers: Ulf Riebesell, Andreas Oschlies, Lennart T. Bach, David P. Keller, Julia Pongratz

Community 56: Ocean CDR (648 researchers)

🔬 Ocean CDR 48% 🌍 China (61%) 🏛️ Xiamen University
Top researchers: Minhan Dai, Nianzhi Jiao, Jihua Liu, Eric P. Achterberg, Yubin Hu

Community 44: Ocean CDR (509 researchers)

🔬 Ocean CDR 36% 🌍 United States (27%) 🏛️ University of Antwerp
Top researchers: Filip J. R. Meysman, Pere Masqué, Peter I. Macreadie, Emily Cox, Adam V. Subhas

Enhanced Weathering

Community 5: Enhanced Weathering (579 researchers)

🔬 Enhanced Weathering 41% 🌍 United States (41%) 🏛️ Yale University
Top researchers: Noah J. Planavsky, David J. Beerling, Christopher T. Reinhard, Rachael H. James, Tim Jesper Suhrhoff

Community 9: Enhanced Weathering (469 researchers)

🔬 Enhanced Weathering 59% 🌍 China (56%) 🏛️ Chinese Academy of Sciences
Top researchers: Philip A.E. Pogge von Strandmann, Thierry Adatte, Min Chen, Jin Zhang, David J. Wilson

BECCS

No research communities detected for BECCS in this dataset.

DAC

No research communities detected for DAC in this dataset.


🌐 CDR Method Collaboration Chord

How do CDR research methods connect through co-authorship? This chord diagram shows the flow of collaboration between pathways — thicker ribbons mean more co-authored papers linking researchers across methods.

Soil Carbon Biochar DAC Enhanced Weathering BECCS Ocean CDR General CDR

Hover over ribbons to see co-authorship counts. Ribbon thickness is proportional to collaboration volume.