What This Page Shows

This Collaboration Atlas maps the research networks of 122,674 CDR scientists using co-authorship data from OpenAlex. The 284,547 co-authored papers reveal how researchers collaborate across disciplines, institutions, and countries — and which scientific communities are bridging the gap between different carbon dioxide removal methods.

How It Was Built

  1. Co-authorship networks: Every paper co-authored by CDR researchers creates a connection in the network
  2. Louvain community detection: Algorithmic clustering identified 131 distinct research communities that frequently publish together
  3. Pathway classification: Each community’s dominant method was determined by OpenAlex classification + LLM filtering
  4. Bridge scoring: Researchers with high network betweenness centrality — spanning multiple methods and geographies — are flagged as “bridge researchers”

What the Data Means

⚠️ Experimental Analysis

This collaboration analysis is highly experimental. Key limitations:

  • Based on co-authorship data from OpenAlex, which has known disambiguation issues
  • Community detection is algorithmic — detected clusters are approximate, not ground truth
  • "Bridge researcher" scores use network metrics (betweenness centrality), not editorial judgment
  • CDR pathway assignment uses automated classification (code-based patterns + LLM filtering)
  • Data is from the latest census snapshot — updated monthly

75,234
Connected Researchers
284,547
Co-authorship Links
131
Research Communities
3,264
Cross-Method Bridges

🔥 How CDR Methods Cross-Pollinate

This matrix shows co-authorship links between researchers from different CDR methods. Higher numbers = more collaboration.

Soil C.BiocharDACEWBECCSOceanGeneral
Soil C.147k10.0k962.3k63289013k
Biochar10.0k60k1283807571752.2k
DAC961286.3k14875412.5k
EW2.3k38014813k197781.7k
BECCS63275775196.3k132.4k
Ocean890175417781310k2.4k
General13k2.2k2.5k1.7k2.4k2.4k50k

🌍 Top Country Collaborations

The strongest international research partnerships in CDR, measured by co-authored papers.

China ↔ United States
11,126 papers
China ↔ United Kingdom
3,201 papers
Australia ↔ China
3,105 papers
China ↔ Germany
2,284 papers
United Kingdom ↔ United States
2,006 papers
Canada ↔ China
1,833 papers
India ↔ United States
1,577 papers
China ↔ Hong Kong
1,514 papers
China ↔ Spain
1,299 papers
China ↔ Pakistan
1,210 papers
Germany ↔ United States
1,127 papers
Canada ↔ United States
1,072 papers
Australia ↔ United States
987 papers
China ↔ France
956 papers
China ↔ Japan
924 papers
Germany ↔ United Kingdom
883 papers
China ↔ Taiwan
738 papers
South Korea ↔ United States
725 papers
Brazil ↔ United States
669 papers
China ↔ Denmark
666 papers

🔗 Bridge Researchers

These researchers connect the most CDR methods through their co-authorship network — the rare people who span biochar, DAC, ocean CDR, and more. Click names to visit their researcher profile.

#ResearcherMethodsCo-authorsPrimaryInstitutionCountry
1Yakov Kuzyakov4505Soil CarbonGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenGermany
2Josep Peñuelas6269Soil CarbonConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasSpain
3Pete Smith5203Soil CarbonScotland's Climate Change Centre of Expertise (…United Kingdom
4Noah J. Planavsky6142Enhanced WeatheringPlanetary Science InstituteUnited States
5Maurício Roberto Cherubin4151Soil CarbonUniversidade de São Paulo - Escola Superior de …Brazil
6Rattan Lal4158Soil CarbonThe Ohio State UniversityUnited States
7Phil Renforth7148General CDRHeriot-Watt UniversityUnited Kingdom
8Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri5132Soil CarbonUniversity of Sao PauloBrazil
9Jordi Sardans6206Soil CarbonCREAF - Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacio…Spain
10David J. Beerling5149Enhanced WeatheringLeverhulme TrustUnited Kingdom
11Ji Chen6197Soil CarbonChinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Earth …China
12Philippe Ciais5153General CDRUniversité Paris-SaclayFrance
13Ondřej Mašek7110BiocharUniversity of EdinburghUnited Kingdom
14Kadambot H. M. Siddique3122Soil CarbonThe University of Western AustraliaAustralia
15Lennart T. Bach376Ocean CDRUniversity of TasmaniaAustralia
16Ulf Riebesell3101Ocean CDRGEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung KielGermany
17Chao Liang4154Soil CarbonCentral University of Finance and EconomicsChina
18Andreas Oschlies3109General CDRGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research KielGermany
19Jens Hartmann5137Enhanced WeatheringUniversität HamburgGermany
20Rajan Ghimire363Soil CarbonNew Mexico State UniversityUnited States
21Scott X. Chang4119Soil CarbonUniversity of AlbertaCanada
22Ram Swaroop Meena496Soil CarbonBanaras Hindu UniversityIndia
23Manuel Delgado‐Baquerizo4147Soil CarbonInstituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología …Spain
24Hailong Wang5122Soil CarbonFoshan UniversityChina
25Axel Don282Soil CarbonThünen-Institute of Climate-Smart AgricultureGermany
26Zhouping Shangguan273Soil Carbon中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所China
27Yiqi Luo5133Soil CarbonCornell UniversityUnited States
28Sara Vicca4100Enhanced WeatheringUniversity of AntwerpBelgium
29Tida Ge3115Soil CarbonNingbo UniversityChina
30Peng Li375Soil CarbonNanjing Agricultural UniversityChina
31Raymond R. Tan647General CDRHubei University Of EconomicsChina
32Daniel C.W. Tsang469BiocharHong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong
33Han Y. H. Chen388Soil CarbonUniversity of MichiganCanada
34David P. Keller496General CDRCarbon to Sea InitiativeUnited States
35Haishui Yang392Soil CarbonNanjing Agricultural UniversityChina
36Christopher T. Reinhard460General CDRGeorgia Institute of TechnologyUnited States
37Roland Bol389Soil CarbonForschungszentrum JülichGermany
38Amit Kumar484Soil CarbonNanjing University of Information Science and T…China
39Jeroen Meersmans365Soil CarbonUniversity of LiègeBelgium
40Hai‐Lin Zhang357Soil CarbonChina Agricultural UniversityChina
41Ian Power462Enhanced WeatheringTrent UniversityCanada
42Zhaoliang Song4114Soil CarbonTianjin UniversityChina
43Haewon McJeon3106General CDRKorea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologySouth Korea
44Faming Wang398Soil CarbonSouth China Botanical GardenChina
45Nanthi Bolan397Soil CarbonThe University of Western AustraliaAustralia
46Spyros Foteinis690General CDRPublic Power Corporation SAGreece
47Yunting Fang4115Soil CarbonChinese Academy of SciencesChina
48Minggang Xu280Soil CarbonShanxi Agricultural UniversityChina
49Jens Leifeld382General CDRAarhus UniversityDenmark
50Jinshui Wu390Soil CarbonChinese Academy of SciencesChina

🌐 Research Communities by CDR Method

The 50 detected communities, grouped by dominant pathway. Each cluster represents researchers who frequently co-author together, revealing natural research subfields within CDR.

Soil Carbon

Community 14: Soil Carbon (1,800 researchers)

🔬 Soil Carbon 69% 🌍 India (72%) 🏛️ Indian Agricultural Research Institute
Top researchers: Ram Swaroop Meena, Avijit Ghosh, M.L. Jat, Manoj Kumar Jhariya, Arun Jyoti Nath

Community 11: Soil Carbon (1,191 researchers)

🔬 Soil Carbon 79% 🌍 China (67%) 🏛️ Chinese Academy of Sciences
Top researchers: Yakov Kuzyakov, Chao Liang, Tida Ge, Jinshui Wu, Baorong Wang

Community 12: Soil Carbon (1,094 researchers)

🔬 Soil Carbon 66% 🌍 China (72%) 🏛️ Chinese Academy of Sciences
Top researchers: Josep Peñuelas, Jordi Sardans, Hailong Wang, Zhaoliang Song, Faming Wang

Biochar

Community 34: Biochar (785 researchers)

🔬 Biochar 73% 🌍 China (47%) 🏛️ Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Top researchers: Daniel C.W. Tsang, Jörg Rinklebe, Yong Sik Ok, Chunfei Wu, Meththika Vithanage

Community 53: Biochar (528 researchers)

🔬 Biochar 66% 🌍 India (26%) 🏛️ Chiang Mai University
Top researchers: Wei‐Hsin Chen, Manish Kumar, Eilhann E. Kwon, Huu Hao Ngo, Ashok Pandey

Community 72: Biochar (460 researchers)

🔬 Biochar 57% 🌍 China (56%) 🏛️ Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Top researchers: Bin Li, Hanping Chen, Shu Zhang, Shisuo Fan, Pietro Bartocci

General CDR

Community 2: General CDR (883 researchers)

🔬 General CDR 70% 🌍 Germany (21%) 🏛️ International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
Top researchers: Benjamin K. Sovacool, Detlef P. van Vuuren, Matthew Gidden, Carl‐Friedrich Schleussner, Alexandre Szklo

Community 74: General CDR (733 researchers)

🔬 General CDR 57% 🌍 United States (40%) 🏛️ Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Top researchers: Haewon McJeon, Jay Fuhrman, David T. Ho, Jeffrey Dankwa Ampah, Laurent Bopp

Community 1: General CDR (652 researchers)

🔬 General CDR 60% 🌍 Germany (17%) 🏛️ Dalhousie University
Top researchers: Andreas Oschlies, David P. Keller, Jong‐Seong Kug, Mathias Fridahl, Jörg Schwinger

Ocean CDR

Community 40: Ocean CDR (808 researchers)

🔬 Ocean CDR 30% 🌍 Germany (13%) 🏛️ University of Antwerp
Top researchers: Phil Renforth, Lennart T. Bach, Ulf Riebesell, Jens Hartmann, Sara Vicca

Community 94: Ocean CDR (390 researchers)

🔬 Ocean CDR 54% 🌍 United States (48%) 🏛️ Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Top researchers: Brendan R. Carter, Wei‐Jun Cai, Jessica Cross, Matthew D. Eisaman, Adam V. Subhas

Community 91: Ocean CDR (370 researchers)

🔬 Ocean CDR 37% 🌍 China (21%) 🏛️ Xiamen University
Top researchers: Filip J. R. Meysman, Emily Cox, Eric P. Achterberg, Minhan Dai, Sonja Geilert

Enhanced Weathering

Community 6: Enhanced Weathering (543 researchers)

🔬 Enhanced Weathering 37% 🌍 United States (37%) 🏛️ North Carolina State University
Top researchers: Noah J. Planavsky, David J. Beerling, Christopher T. Reinhard, William Joe Sagues, Tom Reershemius

Community 59: Enhanced Weathering (513 researchers)

🔬 Enhanced Weathering 55% 🌍 China (60%) 🏛️ Chinese Academy of Sciences
Top researchers: Philip A.E. Pogge von Strandmann, Wolfram Buss, Eelco J. Rohling, Kang‐Jun Huang, Tangfu Xiao

BECCS

No research communities detected for BECCS in this dataset.

DAC

No research communities detected for DAC in this dataset.


🌐 CDR Method Collaboration Chord

How do CDR research methods connect through co-authorship? This chord diagram shows the flow of collaboration between pathways — thicker ribbons mean more co-authored papers linking researchers across methods.

Soil Carbon Biochar DAC Enhanced Weathering BECCS Ocean CDR General CDR

Hover over ribbons to see co-authorship counts. Ribbon thickness is proportional to collaboration volume.